However, in direct comparison they are quite different: the Cross uses a twist mechanism while the Newman is a knock-type and the split between the body and nose cone occurs at a different level.
One thing that is annoying about Cross Century is the grip tapers too early. Because of this, it is always trying to slip out of one’s fingers. The taper on the Newman starts closer to the tip, which resolves this problem.
Although A.T. Cross is still headquartered in the United States, the brand has been manufacturing its products overseas for decades, with the exception of their presidential pens. Most of their fountain pens and ballpoints are made in China, and a few rare models were produced in Japan, notably the Peerless 125th Anniversary, manufactured by Sailor.
So I wouldn’t be at all surprised if the same applies to their mechanical pencils. I doubt it’s an homage or a copy of a Cross pencil; it’s more likely that Cross commissioned Japanese companies to produce their items.
That’s a possibility, however I have never seen the corresponding Cross model. The current knock version doesn’t look at all like the Newman I have. There may be a discontinued model that’s closer but I know very little about Cross so I’ll leave the question to the specialists.